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Women's rights in armed conflict9/16/2023 ![]() The " Diplomatic Conference for the Establishment of International Conventions for the Protection of Victims of War ", convoked by the Swiss Federal Council, depository of the Geneva Conventions, met from April to August 1949 in Geneva and drew up four Conventions which were adopted on 12 August of that year. The adoption of new legal instruments taking such factors into account was essential. Of the 50 million persons killed, it was estimated that 26 million were in the armed forces while 24 million were civilians, including many women. In addition, there were many more civilian victims than in the earlier conflict. In World War II, women participated in hostilities in greater numbers, although they did not commonly bear arms. ![]() "Differences of treatment between prisoners are permissible only if such differences are based on the military rank, the state of physical or mental health, the professional abilities, or the sex of those who benefit from them" (Art. This international legal instrument contained two provisions of particular interest: "Women shall be treated with all consideration due to their sex" (Art. In that year, the Powers which adopted the Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War sought to take into account a new phenomenon: the participation of a relatively large number of women in the war of 1914-1918. If they were wounded, women were protected by the provisions of the 1864 Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field if they became prisoners of war, they benefited from the Regulations annexed to the Hague Conventions of 18 on the Laws and Customs of War on Land.įrom 1929 onward, women have enjoyed special protection under international humanitarian law. From the birth of international humanitarian law, they had had the same general legal protection as men. This does not imply however that women had previously lacked any protection. ![]() Since the number of women who actually participated in war was insignificant until the outbreak of World War 1, the need for special protection for them was not felt prior to that time. ![]()
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